M4 style car spoiler for Audi A3 8V 2014-2020

Braking, commonly known as "braking". The action of stopping or reducing the speed of running locomotives, vehicles and other means of transport or machinery. The general principle of braking is to fix a wheel or disc on the high-speed shaft of the machine, and install the corresponding brake shoe, belt or disc on the base to produce braking torque under the action of external force.

Since the birth of automobile in 1885, vehicle braking system has played an important role in vehicle safety. In the early stage of vehicle development, the vehicle runs at low speed and the traffic density is small, so the requirements for the braking system are relatively low. The most original braking control is that the driver manipulates a group of simple mechanical devices to apply force to the brake. Due to the small mass and low speed of the vehicle, the mechanical braking can meet the needs of vehicle braking. However, with the increase of vehicle mass, vacuum booster began to appear. The Cadillac V16 with a mass of 2860kg produced in 1932 adopts a drum brake with a diameter of 419.1mm and a vacuum booster controlled by the brake pedal. Lincoln also launched V12 car in 1932, which uses drum brake with vacuum booster controlled by four soft cables.

In the early 20th century, with the development of science and technology and the development of vehicle industry, especially the development of military vehicles and military technology, vehicle braking has made a new breakthrough. Hydraulic braking is another major innovation after mechanical braking. Duesenberg eight took the lead in using the car's hydraulic brake. Chrysler's four-wheel hydraulic brake came out in 1924. GM and Ford adopted hydraulic braking technology in 1934 and 1939 respectively. By the 1950s, hydraulic power assisted brakes had become a reality.

In the late 1980s, with the development of electronic technology, the most remarkable achievement in the field of vehicle technology in the world is the practicability and promotion of anti lock braking system (ABS). ABS integrates microelectronic technology, precision machining technology and hydraulic control technology. It is a high-tech product of mechatronics. It can still ensure the maneuverability and directional stability of the vehicle when fully braking. After that, ASR and ESP have been developed successively. ASR (drive anti slip control) can help the driver prevent the drive wheel from slipping when the vehicle starts and accelerates, and improve driving stability. ESP (Electronic Stability Program) can use instant intervention in engine output torque and brake to keep the vehicle stable and drive along the lane under dangerous driving conditions. All these measures to improve the braking performance of the vehicle greatly improve the active safety and handling of the vehicle.